Social Studies Class 5th

Class: 5^th

Unit# 1

World Geography

Lesson# 1

Maps

Questions:

Q1: What information would you find a physical map?

Ans: Physical map shows hills, mountains, rivers, valleys and other land forms.

Q2: What information would you find a political map?

Ans: A political map shows town, cities, and borders between countries.

Q3: Explain what is meant by meridian of longitude and parallels of latitude?

Ans: The lines, running north to south .are called meridian of longitude

        The lines, running east to west, are called parallels of latitude.

Q4: How do we show directions on a map with the help of compass?

Ans: We show directions on a map with the help of compass.

Q5: How do we find a place on a map?

Ans: To find a place on a map, we find its grid reference.

Lesson# 2

World Climate

Questions:

Q1: In what ways does the climate affect our lives?

Ans: The climate affect on the clothes we wear, the food we eat, and the way we spend our leisure time.

Q2: Why did the people of Arctic region build houses out of snow?

Ans: In an Arctic region due to very much cold there are no trees, so the people living in the region make houses out of snow.

Q3: What are some of the factors that influence climate?

 Ans: The climate is influenced by hills can stop rain from falling.

Lesson# 3

Life in the desert

Questions:

Q 1: What are continental deserts? How they are formed?

Ans: The continental deserts are in the middle of a continent. Winds do not bring rainy clouds so far in land and due to shortage of rain, it is changed into a deserts. The Gobi Desert is an example.

Q2: What are rainy shadow regions?

Ans: In some places there are mountain ranges which block the winds that bring rainy clouds.

Q3:  Why is the population of desert regions so low?

Ans: The harsh climate, lack of vegetation and water, and the mostly developed land do not attract people to settle there.

Q4: What sort of vegetation would you find in a desert?

Ans: Desert plants have few leaves and thick, fleshy stems. These plants are usually spiny.

Q5: How has Saudi Arabia become a rich country?

Ans: Saudi Arabia became a rich country due to vast amount of its oil.

Lesson# 4

Life in the forest

Questions:

Q1: Name the South American countries which have equatorial forests?

Ans: Colombia and Brazil have equatorial forests

Q2: Why are equatorial forests important?

Ans: These forests are very important as they are a source of oxygen and food for all leaving things.

Q3: Describe the main difference between equatorial and temperate forests.

Ans: Temperature of equatorial forests is very hot and there is a great amount of rainfall but the areas of temperate forests are quite cold.

Q4: What problem do people living in equatorial forests face?

Ans: They have no proper arrangement to save themselves from the heat, cold and rain of forests.

Lesson# 5

Life in the polar region

Questions:

Q1: What are the two Polar Regions called?

Ans: Two Polar Regions are called

(1)Arctic

(2)Antarctic regions

Q2: Name the animals found in the Polar Regions. How do they survive in the cold?

Ans: Seals, walruses and whales are warm blooded animals so their body temperature remains constant.

 

Lesson#6

Our country

Questions:

Q1: describe two contrasting features of Pakistan.

Ans: (i) To the south, you will see the stretch of Makran coastline along the Arabian Sea.

(ii) In the north, you will come to farm land.

Q2: Write about some things in Pakistan of which you are proud.

Ans: There are so many things about Pakistan which make us happy. There are fields lush with crops.

We can see colorful valleys with towering snow-capped mountains .there are so many historical sites and buildings in Pakistan. Our cricket and hockey teams are well known throughout the world.

Q3: Write about some of the things in Pakistan that make you sad. How are you going to make Pakistan   a better place?

Ans: Some of the major problems, we face, are illiteracy and a rapid rise in the population, unemployment, diseases, poverty and corruption.

        We can control the spread of diseases and poverty by keeping our environment clean .We can help to make Pakistan an even more beautiful place.

Q4: Name the international organizations of which Pakistan is a member.

Ans: (i) United Nation

         (ii) Organization of Islamic Conference (OIC).

Q5: What are the features that attract tourists to Pakistan?

Ans: Pakistan is a land where great civilization existed in the past. The northern areas are special features of Pakistan to attract the tourists.

Lesson #7

Agriculture in Pakistan

Q1: What makes the Punjab the best farming area in Pakistan?

Ans: Punjab has a very good system of canal, water and also a fertile land that is why this province is the best area for crops.

Q2: Explain the difference between a kharif and a rabi crop. Give an example of each?

Ans: In Pakistan we have two kinds of crops kharif and rabi. We grow a kharif crop in summer.  Kharif crop are cotton sugar cane and rice etc.

In winter we grow rabi crops which include wheat, gram, masoor and sugar cane etc.

Q3: Which crop make up Pakistan largest export? Where is it grown?

Ans: Cotton is our leading export which earns about 48% of our foreign exchange. The main cotton growing area are south east Punjab and parts of Sindh.

Q4: Explain the difference between a cash crop and a food crops. Give an example of each?

Ans: Food crops are those crops which fulfill our food needs for example wheat, rice, while cash crops are that which earns foreign exchange for the country. Cotton is the cash crop of Pakistan.

Q5: Why a livestock an important part of agriculture?

Ans: Live stock plays an important role in agriculture sheep and goats live on rugged land, nibble thin grass. Sheep are kept for their meat, wool and skin.

Q5: Explain what is meant by staple food? What is the staple food crop in Pakistan?

Ans: The food which fulfills our food needs. Wheat is the staple food crop in Pakistan.

Lesson #12

Some important cities

Q1: In what ways is Islamabad different from most of Pakistan’s others large cities?

Ans: There is no rush of traffic on the roads of this city. Scattered population, with beautiful parts and green trees. Neat and clean city dived into sections. All the diplomats from foreign countries live in Islamabad.

Q2: Why are there not many ancient buildings in Quetta?

Ans: We don’t have any ancient buildings in Quetta due to the following two facts.

(I)The city does not have any of the Mughal features like many of our others cities.

(II)In 1935 there was a terrible earthquake which destroyed most of the city.

Q3: How many times has Karachi’s population multiplied since Independence?

Ans: The population of Karachi has multiplied nearly three times. In 1947 its population was 400,000 but today it is neatly thirteen millions.

Q4: Which town is called the Frontier Town of Pakistan?

Ans: Peshawar is called the Frontier Town of Pakistan.

Lesson# 13

Pakistan and her Neighbors

Q1: Between which lines of latitude and longitude is Pakistan situated?

Ans: Pakistan is situated in the continent of Asia. It lies between latitudes 24⁰ N 37⁰N and between longitudes 61⁰E and 76⁰E.

Q2: Name the countries that share a border with Pakistan.

Ans: Pakistan shares her borders with Iran, Afghanistan, China and India.

Q3: Which country shares the longest border with Pakistan?

Ans: India shares the longest border with Pakistan.

Q4: Which mountain rang forms the border between China and Pakistan?

Ans: The Karakoram Mountain or the border between China and Pakistan.

Q5: Where is the Gobi Desert situated?

Ans: The Gobi Desert in the China.

Q6: Which of Pakistan’s neighboring countries has no coastline?

Ans: China and Afghanistan.

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Social Studies Class 4th

Unit #1 Geography

Lesson#1

 The Earth in Space

Questions:                                                    

Q1:  Describe the shape of the Earth? What is this shape called?

Ans: The Earth is like a huge ball. It is called Sphere.

Q2:  Explain the difference between rotation and revolution?

Ans: The Earth spins on its axis called rotation, at the same time the Earth is moving round the Sun is called the revolution.

Q3:   How are the seasons caused?

Ans:  The seasons are caused by tilting of the Earth on its axis.

Q4: Where on the Earth’s surface is the Sun hottest throughout the year?

Ans: Places that are close to the equator are hottest through the year

Lesson#2

Climate

Questions:

Q1: What is the importance of climate for a region?

Ans: Climate has a great effect on people’s lives, plants, crops and   on the land in an area.

Q2; Explain how the height of a place affect its climate?

Ans: The height of a place affects the climate. It would be cold climate on higher places.

Q3: What can happen to the climate in place where forests have been cut down?

Ans: In those areas the amount of rainfall has been decreased.

Q4: Why do you think rainfall   such an important factor for climate?

Ans: Rainfall is a very important factor for climate and plants growth.

Lesson#3

Our Country

Questions:

Q1: Name the countries that share a border with Pakistan?

Ans: We share our border with Iran, China, Afghanistan and India.

Q2: Which sea lies to the south of Pakistan?

Ans: Arabian Sea lies to the south of Pakistan.

Q3: Find out the names of main deserts in Pakistan?

Ans: Thal Desert

        Thar Desert

Q4: Where do the tributaries of the river Indus joined it?

Ans: The River Indus is joined at Punjnad in southern Punjab.

Q5: Where does the River Indus enter the sea?

Ans: The River Indus enters into the Arabia Sea.

Lesson#4

The Western Highlands

Questions:

Q1:  In which province will you find the western Highlands?

Ans: In Blochistan and KPK.

Q2:  Which is the highest peak in Pakistan? How high is it and where is it located?

Ans: The highest peak in a Pakistan is K-2.It is 8611 meters high and is located in the North.

Q3:  Where is Islamabad situated?

Ans: Islamabad is situated on Potwar/ Potohar Plateau.

Q4:   Why are mountains passes important?

Ans: The mountain passes connects Pakistan with China and Iran.

Q5:  Name the main passes found in Pakistan?

Ans: (i) Karakoram Pass

        (ii) Lawarai Pass

        (iii)Khyber Pass

       (iv) Khunjerab Pass

Lesson#5

River Indus and its plains

Questions:

Q1:  Where does the River Indus starts?

Ans: The River Indus starts high up in the Himalaya Mountain.

Q2:  How are some areas of the country supplied with water?

Ans: The Indus River is very useful for the agricultural purposes.

Q3:  Describe the course of the River Indus from its source as far as Kalabagh?

Ans: The Indus turns south at a point about 200 kilometers north of Islamabad. Its winding course takes it down hill,      cutting through mountain gorges, twisting and turning, till it reaches the Potohar Plateau. From here it continuous into      the Punjab plain to the place called kalabagh.

Q4:   How does the River Indus change when it reaches the plain?

Ans:  When it reaches the plain, the river spreads into a much broader channel, about 16 kilometers wide.

Q5:   In which parts of Pakistan do you find desert? Why?

Ans: There are desert along the eastern boarder of Pakistan and south eastern part of the country.

Lesson # 6

The soil and agriculture

Q1:   In which part of Pakistan is it difficult to grow crops? Why is that so?

Ans:  It is very difficult to grow crops at the place where there is little water and hard rocky grounds.

Q2:   What is alluvial soil and where is it found?

Ans: The most fertile soil is called alluvial soil usual found in the plains around the great rivers.

Q3:   Pakistan is an agricultural country. What are the requirements for successful agriculture?

Ans: Good quality of water.

         Good quality of soil.

Lesson#8

Water and its uses

Questions:

Q1: Write about five different uses of fresh water.

Ans:

      I.            Water is used to quench our thirst.

   II.            Water is basic need for taking daily bath.

III.            Water is necessary for irrigation.

IV.            We use water in industry.

Unit #2

Citizenship

Lesson #11

Communications

Questions:

Q1:  Explain what communication means.

Ans: Communication means ways of keeping in touch with someone else by speaking, writing or by making sings.

Q2:  What are the main means of communication in our country?

Ans: We have the following main means of communication in our country.

Post office

Telephone

Radio

Television

Q3:  How can we send money through the post office?

Ans:  We can send money by sending a money order through the post office.

Q4:  Why do some people prefer television and radio to newspaper?

Ans: The people who cannot read and write get help from radio and television.

Lesson #12

The Government

Questions:

Q1:  What does the word democracy mean?

Ans: The word democracy is made up from two Greek words demons mean (people) and kratos means (rule).

        So the democracy means rule by the people.

Q2:  How do we elect people to run the country?

Ans: We select the people to run the country through election.

Q3:  Who are the people in charge of the provincial governments?

Ans: The in charge of the provincial government is the Chief Minister.

Q4:  What are some of the things a government has to decide?

Ans: It has to maintain the law and order in the country. It has to takes steps to improve the conditions of the country.

Q5:  Can you name some of Pakistan’s political parties and their leaders?

Ans: Muslim League, PPP, Jamat-e-Islami, Awami National Party, PTI etc.

          Nawaz Sharif, Banazir Butto, Siraj-ul-Haq, Asfand Yar Wali, Imran Khan.  

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Social Studies Class 3rd

Note: This is  Social Studies  of Pakistan.(Oxford Publishers )

Unit #1

“Geography”

Lesson # 1

“The Earth in space “

Q1: What is the Earth surrounded by?

Ans: The Earth is surrounded by the atmosphere.

Q2: Does the Earth stay in one place?

Ans: No, the earth is not stay in one place.

Q3: How do day and night take place?

Ans: The spinning movement of the earth cases day and night.

Q4: What is the sun made of?

Ans: The sun is made of hot gases.

Q5: What is the earth called?

Ans: The earth is called a planet.

Lesson #2

“Land and Water”

Q1: What is the difference between a sea and an ocean?

Ans: Large area of water on the Earth is called oceans. Smaller areas are called sea.

 Q2: What is the sandy place without much water called?

Ans: The sandy place without much water called deserts.

Q3: Where would you find a valley?

Ans: The low land between the hills or mountains is called a valley.

Q4: Does the water in the sea remain still?

Ans: No, the sea water is not remains still.

Q5: What happen when there is storm?

Ans: It is dangerous.

Lesson #3

“Maps”

Q1: What would you find in an atlas?

Ans: We find E, W, N, S directions on atlas.

Q2: What three things a map have?

Ans: Every map has a scale, a key and an equator.

Q3: Try to find the location of Pakistan on a world map. Is it in the north, the south, or in the middle?

Ans: Pakistan is situated in the south of the continent of Asia.

Lesson #4

“Climate”

Q1: What is climate? How is it different from weather?

Ans: Climate is the word we use for the usual weather a place has during a year. The weather changes from day to day.

Q2: Which is the coldest part of Pakistan?

Ans: Murree is the coldest part of Pakistan.

Lesson #5

“Our Country”

Q1: In which part of the country do we have a coastline?

Ans: We have a coastline in Karachi the part of Sindh.

Q2: How many provinces of Pakistan? Name them.

Ans: There are four provinces of Pakistan. Punjab, Sindh, Baluchistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Q3: Where is Islamabad located?

Ans: It is situated in the capital Territory.
Q4: Which countries share a border with Pakistan?

Ans: Pakistan shares borders with Iran in the west, Afghanistan in the North West, China in the north east and India in the east.

Lesson #6

“Our National Identity”

Q1: Describe the Pakistan flag?

Ans: Pakistan flag has two colors white and green.

Q2: What language can you speak?

Ans: I can speak Urdu and English.

 Q3: What languages does Susan speak?

Ans: Susan speaks English Language.

Q4: What things do most Pakistanis have in common?

Ans: We have many things in common.

We share the same history.

We all eat similar food, have similar names, speak the same languages and we use same money.

Q5: What do you think, is Susan’s favorite food?

Ans: Bread and Butter.

Unit # 2

Lesson #7

“For all to use”

Q1: Which of the services named in lesson do you use?

Ans: School, colleges, hospital, bank, police station, public transport, post offices, air ports, markets, electricity.

Q2: What is a government chosen?

Ans: We have an election. We vote and choose people who will make the rules for us. These people are from the government.

Q3: What does the government do?

Ans: The government makes the rules for us, and decides how much tax we have to pay and what services to provide.

 Q4: What is tax? How is it used?

Ans: Expenses paid by citizen to the public treasure is called Tax. Money collected by tax is used by the government to provide services for everyone.

Lesson # 8

“Services”

Q1: What work do the police do?

Ans: Their job is to keep us and our property safe.

Q2: Have you seen a fire engine or an ambulance on the road? Where do you think it was going?

Ans: Yes, I have seen Ambulance was going.

Lesson #9

“Transport”

Q1: What does a tanker carry?

Ans: Ships that carry oil are called tanker.

Q2: What is a ferry used for?

Ans: A ferry is used for people and goods from one bank of a river to the opposite bank.

Q3: Which is the fastest way of travelling?

Ans: Airplane is the fastest way of travelling.

Lesson #10

“Road Safety”

Q1: What are the rules for crossing a busy road?

  Ans: Look at the right and left then cross the road. We must obey traffic signals.

Q2: Why are traffic rules important?

Ans: Traffic rules are important for the safety of the people.

Q3: Why do you think it is not good idea to be noisy or to talk to the driver when you are travelling in a car or bus?

Ans: It may get you in trouble.

Q4: Where are the traffic rules given?

Ans: Traffic rules are given in traffic department school.

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Right Bight 4th Edition (Computer) Class 7th

Right Bight 4^th Edition (Computer)

Class 7^th

Lesson #1        

The Data Processing Cycle

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

Q1: Describe the data-processing cycle with the help of a diagram.

Ans:

data-processing cycle

Q2: What is difference between encoding and decoding?

Ans: Encoding means converting data into a data-processing system. Decoding means the information that a code represents is made available to users.

Q3: Describe three ways in which data can be processed.

Ans: Data processing can be described into three ways input, processing and output.

Q4: What is a computerized system? Explain with an example.

Ans: A computerized system uses computers and related machines to process data and makes decisions.

Example:

In large stores, the computer can itself determine that the stocks have fallen below a certain limit. It automatically sends an email message to the supplier to send more stock .The shopkeeper has very little to do. This is a computerized system.

Q5: What is information technology?

Ans: The use of different manual and computerized devices and methods for processing information is called information technology.

Q6: Describe three advantages of a computerized system over a manual system.

Ans:

a)     Fast processing is a key feature of computerized system.

b)    Accuracy is also a feature of all computerized systems.

c)     Efficiency is another common feature of computerized system.

Q7: why is a computerized system not effective in all situations?

Ans: Because a computer cannot think itself. It cannot make decisions for which it has not been programmed.

Lesson#2

BINARY COMPUTING

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

Q1: Describe three forms of data?

Ans :      

 Numeric data consists of digits and the decimal point.

·        Alphabet data consists of a fixed set of alphabetic characters (A-Z and a-z).

·        Alpha numeric data consists of letters of the alphabet numbers and special characters like @,#and %.

Q2: What state do the digits 0 and 1 represent under the binary system?

Ans : State 1 or state 0 , depending on whether eclectic  current is passing through or not. 

Q3: Why do we use binary digits to represent the presence or absence of electronic signals?

Ans: When an electronic signal is received, it is recorded as 1 in the MU.

When no electronic signal is received, it is recorded as 0 in the MU.

Q4: What is a bit?

Ans: An electronic signal, when stored, is called a bit.

Q5: Convert the following decimal numbers into binary equivalents?

     (A)27                             (B) 15

Ans :

     

Q6: Convert the following binary numbers into decimal equivalents.

      (a)    110111                                             (b) 110010

Ans : (a) 110111

=(1 x 2⁵)+(1 x 2⁴)+(0 x 2³)+(1 x 2²)+(1 x 2¹)+(1 x 2⁰)

=32+16+0+4+2+1=55

110111=55

    

    (b) 1100100

=(1 x 2⁶)+ (1 x 2⁵)+(0 x 2⁴)+(0 x 2³)+(1 x 2²)+(0 x 2¹)+(0 x 2⁰)

=64+32+0+0+4+0+0=100

1100100=100

Q7: Perform the following binary arithmetic operations?

    (a)  101+111               (b) 1101-0011

Ans:  

     

Lesson#3

System software                                       

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS

Q1: Define system software. Name three categories of system software.

Ans: System software is a set of programs that enable a computer to perform routine tasks. Three categories of system software are starting up, managing files, and shutting down.

Q2: Describe three functions of an operating system.

Ans:  Three functions of an operating system are:

     a)     Booting up and providing a user interface.

     b)    Managing programs.

     c)     Managing files and directories.

Q3: What is the function of a device driver?

Ans: The device driver is a program that automatically runs the system devices attached to the computer.

Q4: What is disk failure? How can we avoid data loss as a result of disk failure?

Ans: The entire data stored on the hard disk is lost called disk failure. Back-up software helps avoid permanent data loss in such situations.

Q5: What is meant by debugging?

Ans: The process of removing errors from a program is called debugging.

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